The correct way to use a hybrid stepper motor from Ben's blog
1.Basic understanding of hybrid stepper motors
The hybrid stepper motor is a stepper motor designed by combining the advantages of reactive and permanent magnet stepper motors. It combines the high torque of a permanent magnet stepper motor and the high precision of a reactive stepper motor. Through specific structural design, the advantages of both are complemented. The rotor of the hybrid stepper motor itself is magnetic, so the torque generated under the same stator current is greater than that of a reactive stepper motor. However, due to its large rotor structure and inertia, its speed is lower than that of a reactive stepper motor?2. In addition, the hybrid stepper motor also has the characteristics of precise positioning control. The angular displacement is controlled by controlling the number of pulses to achieve precise positioning.
2.Characteristics of hybrid stepper motors
1.Small step angle and high precision: As the number of phases increases, the step angle of the stepper motor decreases and the precision increases. This makes the hybrid stepper motor perform well when high-precision control is required.
2.Complex structure: The rotor structure of the hybrid stepper motor is relatively complex, and the rotor inertia is large, which affects its rapidity and is inferior to the reactive stepper motor in high-frequency performance.
3.Comprehensive advantages: The hybrid stepper motor combines the advantages of permanent magnet and reactive types. For example, the number of poles is largely equal to the number of teeth on the motor rotor and can vary over a wide range; the winding inductance varies with the position of the motor rotor. Small size, radial magnetization magnetic circuit and new permanent ferrite with high magnetic energy product, easy to achieve optimal operation control, help improve motor performance.
3.Solutions to overheating of hybrid stepper motors
1.Reduce heat: The heat of the motor can be reduced by reducing the loss of copper and iron. Specific measures include selecting motors with low resistance and low rated current, avoiding the use of parallel motors, and making full use of the automatic half-current control function and offline function of the controller to automatically reduce or cut off the current when the motor is overcurrent. The motor is static.
2.Optimize controller settings: Using a subdivision controller can reduce the pitch angle, making the motor run more smoothly, thereby reducing heat. The current waveform of the subdivision driver is close to a sine wave, with fewer harmonics, which helps to reduce heat generation.
3.Reduce the load: When the motor temperature is too high, the working load of the equipment should be checked first. If the equipment is running under overload, the load should be reduced immediately and kept within the rated power range of the motor to reduce the heating of the motor.
4.Inspection and maintenance of the cooling system: Regularly check the engine cooling system to ensure that the cooling fan is working properly, and replace damaged cooling components when necessary to keep the engine temperature within a controllable range.
4.Correct use of hybrid stepper motors
1.Select a suitable hybrid stepper motor: When selecting a hybrid stepper motor, three main factors should be considered: step angle, static torque and current. The extension angle should be determined according to the accuracy requirements of the load. The selection of static torque depends on the load when the motor is running, including inertial force load and friction load. The choice of current will affect the running characteristics of the motor.
2.Installation precautions: When installing the hybrid stepper motor, be careful and gentle to avoid random stacking and pulling of the motor ground wire. No bumps are allowed when installing the bearing end cover to ensure coaxiality and avoid damage to engine components. Although the motor can be used in places subject to water corrosion, it should not be placed in water.
3.Reduce the tension of the motor cable: During installation and use, the cable should be protected from external bending force or pressure of its own weight, especially the outlet or connection of the cable, so as not to damage the wire.
4.Wiring steps: When connecting the controller power supply to the stepper motor driver, you can use the switching power supply shared with the instrument control. Connect the positive pole of the pulse input signal and the direction input signal to the 5V terminal of the instrument control, and the negative pole of the pulse input signal to the output terminal Y1 of the instrument control.
5.Use and maintenance: During use, pay attention to the voltage and polarity of the power supply to avoid damage caused by reverse connection. A higher power supply voltage can increase the high-speed torque of the motor, but it will also increase the drive loss and temperature rise, and may increase the operating noise.
Source:https://www.storeboard.com/blogs/electronics/the-correct-way-to-use-a-hybrid-stepper-motor/5912026
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