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Creative Diagnostics is proud to announce Plaque Reduction Assay services to support antiviral research.
As an expert in providing solutions to assist virology and microbiology research, Creative Diagnostics is proud to announce the launch of its comprehensive suite of Plaque Reduction Assay services to support antiviral research. These new solutions offer researchers a powerful and well-established method for evaluating the efficacy of antiviral compounds.
Normal cells can absorb reactive dyes during metabolism, but when the cells are infected with a virus, they lose their ability to absorb the dye, resulting in the formation of colorless plaques. When a virus is neutralized by a specific antibody and then infects a cell, the number of cellular plaques formed decreases accordingly. Therefore, the titer of the antibody that neutralizes the virus can be calculated from the number of cellular plaques.
The Plaque Reduction Assay measures the efficiency with which the virus forms plaques in the presence of different concentrations of the assay. The time required for plaque visualization depends on the kinetics of viral replication and ranges from 24 hours to several weeks. Because plaques must be at least 1 mm wide to be accurately scored (especially by the naked eye), this analysis is typically performed on 24-well and 6-well plates, as any smaller wells may compromise readability and resolution.
The plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) is a variant of the plaque reduction assay and is considered the gold standard for detecting neutralizing antibodies to certain viruses, such as dengue virus. The basic design of the PRNT is to generate virus-antibody interactions in test tubes or microtiter plates and then apply the mixture to virus-sensitive cells to measure the effect of the antibody on virus infectivity.
PRNT is a versatile tool in virology with applications in diagnosing viral infections, characterizing toxins, and vaccine development. It can be used to detect antibodies in a patient’s serum or identify viruses in diseased tissue, aiding in diagnosis. PRNT can also be utilized with antitoxin serum to identify and quantify bacterial toxins in pathological material. Furthermore, it is a valuable technique for determining the potency of antiviral serums and antitoxins, as well as identifying and classifying newly isolated viruses.
As a solution provider for virology and microbiology research, Creative Diagnostics offers comprehensive Plaque Reduction Assay services (e.g., PRNT) to empower researchers to accelerate breakthroughs in the field of virology. The company is dedicated to providing antiviral testing and customized early detection solutions to life science companies working in the field of antiviral and infectious disease diagnosis.
For viruses with only minor cellular lesions or viruses that take a long time to develop phagocytosis, Creative Diagnostics uses immunostaining of infected foci to provide faster results in a smaller format without sacrificing accuracy. The company also utilizes standard sera as a baseline for each result, allowing comparisons between laboratories and over time.
For more information about the Plaque Reduction Assay services, please visit https://antiviral.creative-diagnostics.com/plaque-reduction-assays.html.
About Creative Diagnostics
Headquartered in New York, Creative Diagnostics is a consulting and experimental service provider specializing in virology and microbiology. The company provides comprehensive solutions to conquer obstacles in virology and microbiology research, from high-security infrastructure provision, biosafety regulation elucidation, to expert viral system assistance.
Creative Diagnostics announces its new line of Norovirus VLP Antigens for in vitro diagnostics and vaccine research.
Creative Diagnostics, a leading manufacturer and supplier of antibodies, antigens and assay kits, is pleased to announce the availability of its new line of Norovirus VLP Antigens to accelerate in vitro diagnostics and vaccine research. These new antigens have been validated to a high level of confidence using electron microscopy.
Norovirus is a non-enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus of the family Caliciviridae and is the leading cause of non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis worldwide. The infection is characterized by non-bloody diarrhea, vomiting and abdominal pain. The stability of viral particles is of particular interest because noroviruses are transmitted by the fecal-oral route and they can persist in the environment. Studies of the assembly and degradation of norovirus capsids have relied heavily on norovirus-like particles.
The norovirus genome is 7.4-7.7 kb in size and has three open reading frames (ORFs). Nonstructural proteins, such as RNA-dependent polymerase (RdRp), are encoded by ORF1, while structural proteins are encoded by ORF2 (VP1) and ORF3 (VP2). Structural analysis of noroviruses has shown that each viral capsule consists of 90 dimers of VP1 with T = 3 icosahedral symmetry. Various expression systems have been developed to produce viral capsids in the form of virus-like particles (VLPs).
Noroviruses are classified into genomic groups and genotypes based on the amino acid diversity of the VP1 protein. According to this system, the genus Norovirus is divided into 10 genomes (GI-GX) and 49 genotypes (9 GI, 27 GII, 3 GIII, 2 GIV, 2 GV, 2 GVI, and 1 each of GVII, GVIII, GIX [formerly GII.15 ], and GX), of which the genomes known to be infectious to humans include GI, GII, GVIII, and GIX. GII.4 is of particular importance as it has caused numerous outbreaks worldwide over the years and is believed to be the primary cause of human infections.
Creative Diagnostics now offers a series of yeast-expressed Norovirus VLP antigens for in vitro diagnostic and vaccine studies, including Recombinant Norovirus GI.1 VLP, Recombinant Norovirus GII.3 VLP, and Recombinant Norovirus GII.17 VLP. These antigens have been validated with high confidence by electron microscopy and provide researchers and diagnosticians with a powerful tool for studying and detecting Norovirus infections. Creative Diagnostics’ team of experts is also available to assist researchers in selecting the most suitable antigens for their specific studies.
The purified Norovirus VLP Antigens are an example of Creative Diagnostics’ commitment to providing innovative and reliable products to the research and diagnostic communities. Its team has worked diligently to develop antigens that are not only highly specific but also offer excellent sensitivity, making them ideal for a wide range of diagnostic and research applications.
Creative Diagnostics offers a comprehensive range of Norovirus VLP Antigens catering to diverse research needs. For more information on the new antigens, please visit https://www.creative-diagnostics.com/new-norovirus-vlp-antigens.htm.
About Creative Diagnostics
Creative Diagnostics is a leading manufacturer and supplier of antibodies, viral antigens, innovative diagnostic components, and critical assay reagents. In addition to providing contract RD and biologic manufacturing services for diagnostic manufacturers along with GMP biologics manufacturing for the biopharmaceutical market, the company aims to continue to act as a trusted source for all researchers’ assay development and manufacturing needs.
Creative Diagnostics announces the availability of Vomitoxin Test Reagents for the detection of Deoxynivalenol in food products.
Creative Diagnostics, a leading manufacturer and supplier of antibodies, small molecule conjugates and critical assay reagents for food, feed, environmental and toxicological sample analysis, proudly announces the availability of a comprehensive portfolio of Vomitoxin Test Reagents for the detection of Deoxynivalenol in food products, including ELISA Kits, antibodies and Immunoaffinity Columns.
Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites produced by various species of fungi, mainly belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium. They usually enter the food chain through contaminated food and feed crops (mainly cereals) and cause serious acute and chronic health effects in humans and animals. Therefore, mycotoxin analysis of food and feed is necessary and often required by law.
Deoxynivalenol (DON, also known as vomitoxin) is a sesquiterpenoid compound found in Fusarium graminearum (roseum), F. culmorum and other species. As one of the most common mycotoxins, DON is commonly found in many plant products, especially in cereal crops such as wheat, corn, barley, oats, and rice.
In the higher and more severe stages of contamination, symptoms associated with vomitoxin are much more severe and include abdominal pain, dizziness, headache, throat irritation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and blood in the stool. In animals, DON-contaminated feed can lead to refusal to eat, vomiting or diarrhea, which can inhibit growth. dON testing is an important preventative tool for maintaining the health and productivity of production animals.
Creative Diagnostics has developed high quality test reagents to support the development of mycotoxin detection. Through years of research and experience of its technical staff, the company has successfully developed a range of antigens and antibodies for use in immunoassays and have established a complete set of mycotoxin detection platforms. The newly released Vomitoxin Test Reagents are manufactured under strict quality control procedures and offer excellent performance.
For example, the Deoxynivalenol (DON) ELISA Kit (DEIA056) can be used for the rapid qualitative and quantitative detection of Deoxynivalenol in grain and feed. This kit adopts “direct competition method” enzyme immunoassay technology and is a new generation of drug residue detection kit. It is fast, convenient, accurate and sensitive. The operation time is only 20 minutes, which can minimize the operation error and workload. It should be noted that this is a laboratory reagent and should not be administered to humans or animals or used as a drug.
Creative Diagnostics is committed to providing high quality and reliable testing solutions to the food and feed industries. The company’s new Vomitoxin Test Reagents offer unparalleled accuracy and sensitivity. To learn more information and to explore Creative Diagnostics’ comprehensive product portfolio, please visit https://www.creative-diagnostics.com/food-analysis/tag-don-vomitoxin-34.htm.
About Creative Diagnostics
Creative Diagnostics is a leading manufacturer and supplier of antibodies, small molecule conjugates and critical assay reagents for the analysis of food, feed, environmental and toxicological samples. Its product portfolio covers a wide range of analytes including mycotoxins, drug residues, pesticides, contaminants, food allergens, food pathogens and vitamins. The company also assists customers in the rapid development, manufacture and commercialization of small molecule antigens, antibodies and food safety lateral flow strips for any market segment.
Creative Diagnostics announces the launch of ELISA Based Assays for vaccine development and bioprocess applications.
As an expert in providing solutions to assist virology and microbiology research, Creative Diagnostics is proud to announce the launch of its comprehensive portfolio of ELISA Based Assays for vaccine development and bioprocess applications.
Vaccine development involves a variety of assays to support vaccine research and development, from early preclinical studies to final production, quality control and lot release. ELISA-based assays are widely used to measure vaccine titers, carrier titers, purity, affinity and potency, as well as immunogenic responses in animals and humans.
ELISA-based immunoassays are the gold standard for various aspects of vaccine bioanalysis, including quantification of antigenic epitopes, detection of contaminants, and determination of vaccine efficacy (e.g., vaccine titer and immunogenicity). They are crucial for vaccine bioanalysis, but limitations exist, such as high reagent and sample consumption, diverse sample types, and time-consuming procedures. To address these issues, researchers are exploring improved immunoassays to minimize the use of valuable reagents (e.g., vaccine candidate molecules) and small animal samples, handle different sample types such as serum, plasma, and preparations containing aluminum particles and emulsions, and reduce hands-on time to shorten assay development time.
Creative Diagnostics is committed to providing innovative and reliable solutions to advance vaccine development and bioprocess efficiency. With its expertise in ELISA-based assays, the company empowers researchers and manufacturers to effectively measure vaccine titer, vector titer, purity, potency, and immunogenic response, ultimately contributing to the development of safe and effective vaccines.
For example, Creative Diagnostics can help researchers determine viral vector particle concentrations (titers). Viral vector vaccines are live viruses genetically engineered to express one or more heterologous antigens. Determination of vector particle concentration is an important step in the development and production of such vaccines. Creative Diagnostics now offers high quality ELISA kits for the determination of titers of a range of AAV serotypes or lentiviruses (p24).
In addition, Creative Diagnostics can assist in the detection of antigen-specific antibodies in serum and in antigen quantification and comparison of vaccine lots for release testing. By providing expertise and comprehensive solutions, Creative Diagnostics enables researchers and manufacturers to advance vaccine development and bioprocess efficiency.
Creative Diagnostics also offers a comprehensive range of high-quality ELISA kits for the detection of viral antigens and antibodies. With extensive experience in custom assay development and validation, the Creative Diagnostics team of experts ensures customized solutions to support customer needs. Utilizing extensive reference control and standard materials, Creative Diagnostics delivers reliable qualitative and quantitative testing. Additionally, the company’s holistic study design considers pretesting requirements, sampling modes, detection methods, and assay sensitivities, resulting in effective viral ELISA-based assays.
By offering a comprehensive suite of ELISA-based solutions and unparalleled scientific expertise, Creative Diagnostics empowers researchers and developers to streamline their vaccine development and bioprocess workflows. For more information on the ELISA Based Assays, please visit https://antiviral.creative-diagnostics.com/elisa-based-assays.html.
About Creative Diagnostics
Headquartered in New York, Creative Diagnostics is a consulting and experimental service provider specializing in virology and microbiology. The company provides comprehensive solutions to conquer obstacles in virology and microbiology research, from high-security infrastructure provision, biosafety regulation elucidation, to expert viral system assistance.
Creative Diagnostics announces the launch of its state-of-the-art Anti-AAV Antibody ELISA Kits for the most commonly used AAV serotypes.
Creative Diagnostics, a leading manufacturer and supplier of antibodies, antigens and assay kits, is proud to announce the launch of its state-of-the-art Anti-AAV Antibody ELISA Kits for the most commonly used AAV serotypes. These kits are designed to accelerate gene therapy research by enabling the accurate detection and quantification of anti-adeno-associated virus (AAV) antibodies.
The first human AAV was identified in 1965 as a contaminant of adenovirus preparations. AAV is one of the smallest viruses, with an envelope-free icosahedral capsid of approximately 22 nm. Although AAV has a high seropositivity rate in humans (approximately 80% of individuals are seropositive for AAV2), the virus has not been associated with any human disease.
AAV gene therapy vectors are capable of infecting both dividing and quiescent cells and can persist in an extrachromosomal state without integrating into the host cell genome, whereas native viruses carry genes that integrate into the host genome. These characteristics make AAV a very attractive candidate viral vector for gene therapy and for modeling homologous human diseases.
Because AAV is of viral origin, its capsid induces cellular and humoral immune responses that lead to neutralization of the vector by anti-AV antibodies, preventing transduction in the patient. Binding antibodies to certain AAV serotypes are present in more than 90% of the population. Some of these antibodies are so neutralizing that they lose their efficacy upon initial administration. Therefore, there is an urgent need to increase awareness of the risk of AAV immunogenicity and to develop techniques to assess and mitigate this response.
Methods for detecting pre-existing AAV immunity include cell-based in vitro TI assays, in vivo (e.g., mouse) TI assays, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based assays for the detection of total anti-capsid antibody (TAb) assays. TAb assays may be able to detect inefficient NAbs below the threshold of the TI assay, but may not be able to detect non-antibody neutralizing factors.
Creative Diagnostics has developed a series of anti-AAV antibody ELISA kits for the most commonly used AAV serotypes. These standardized assays designed to screen for AAV seropositivity have proven to be an important tool in screening patients for pre-existing antibodies, minimizing safety concerns and improving the efficacy of AAV-based gene therapy.
For example, Anti-AAV9 antibody ELISA Kit (Catalog # DEIASL348) can be used as an analytical tool for qualitative determination of antibodies to AAV9 in serum. Creative Diagnostics’ AAV6 Titration ELISA Kit (Catalog # DEIAAV6) provides a rapid, sensitive and reproducible method for titrating intact wild-type AAV9 viruses, recombinant AAV9 viruses or assembled and intact empty AAV9 capsids.
Creative Diagnostics offers a wide range of quality Anti-AAV Antibody ELISA Kits for gene therapy. For more information on the new products, please visit https://www.creative-diagnostics.com/news-anti-aav-antibody-elisa-kit.htm.
About Creative Diagnostics
Creative Diagnostics is a leading manufacturer and supplier of antibodies, viral antigens, innovative diagnostic components, and critical assay reagents. In addition to providing contract R&D and biologic manufacturing services for diagnostic manufacturers along with GMP biologics manufacturing for the biopharmaceutical market, the company aims to continue to act as a trusted source for all researchers’ assay development and manufacturing needs.