The growth process of plant roots includes a series of biophysical processes, such as cell morphological changes, cell wall synthesis, mechanical deformation, etc. The study of the morphology, structure, and mechanism of plant roots is of great importance for the development of plant biology and biotechnology. Biophysical analysis of root growth is the key to in-depth study of plant root growth and development patterns. Several studies have shown that information on the microscopic morphology and mechanical properties of plant root growth can be obtained using AFM techniques. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) uses a needle-tip probe to contact and scan the sample surface, and surface imaging at the nanoscale is accomplished by measuring the deformation of the needle tip such as bending and oscillation. In the biophysical analysis of root growth, the AFM technique enables high-resolution imaging of plant roots, measurement, and analysis of growth mechanics properties, etc.
